Ko model



PATENTED JAN. 12, 1-904.

E. M. OORYELL. SYNGHRO NIZER FOR DUPLEX ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 17, 19 03.

10 ,IODEL.

8 SHEETS-SHEET 1. I

5W6 for Edwin/11.6 0

Wz'i'ness es:

ry ell 7 his 14252 95.

Tu: nonms raga; con wuniumm. wnsn NnYoN. n. a

No. 749,170. PATENTED JAN. 12, 1904.

E.- M. GORYELL.

SYNCHRONIZER FOR DUPLEX ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 17,1903.

no MODEL. a s SHEETS-SHEET a.

j Edwin/fl gdrye ll Patented January 12, 1904.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EDWIN M. CORYELL, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO JULIA E. i

CAMERON, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

SYNCHRONIZER FOR DUPLEX ENGINES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 749,170, dated January12, 1904.

Application filed June 17, 1903. Serial No. 161,935. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

I Be it known that I, EDWIN M. CoRYELL, of New York city, State of NewYork, have invented a new and useful Improved Synchronizer for DuplexEngines, which invention is fully set forth in the followingspecification.

This invention has in general the same objects explained in my pendingapplication, Serial No. 83,328, filed November 22, 1901 namely, toinsure the proper synchronism of action in a duplex engine. The pistonof one engine is arranged one-quarter of its cycle (ninety degrees) inadvance of the piston of the other engine. If the former tends tooutstrip the latter, its exhaust is automatically retarded, and if thelatter tends to gain on the former its exhaust in turn is retarded. In,this respect the present invention differs from my former one, whereinone member only is controlled.

The invention will best be understood by reference to the accompanyingdrawings, in which Figure 1 is a general plan view showing mysynchronizer applied to a pair of compound engines with pumpconnections. Figs. 2, 3, and 4 are diagrammatic views shown as sectionsthrough the synchronizing device and illustrating difierent phases ofthe operation. Fig. 5 is a longitudinal section of a detail.

Before describing the detailed construction and operations of myimproved synchronizer I will set forth. its general principles. Onepiston, as A, is arranged about one-quarter of a cycle (ninety degrees)behind the other piston, A, so that when either piston is in the middleof its steam-cylinder the other piston will be at one end of itscylinder, and vice versa. So long as the two members maintain thisrelation and work in proper synchronism the exhaust for each is normal;but if either piston travels a little too fast its exhaust is checked byits choke-valveB or B. Normally these valves do not interfere with theexhaust, but are operated to effect the choke by means of live steam,which normally cannot reach them, but is admitted upon the shifting ofhand side are practically duplicated throughout on the right and will beindicated there by the same reference letters or numbers primed. 1 and 1are conduits that lead live steamto the respective steam-cylinders,where the steam is admitted alternately at opposite ends above and belowpistons A and A, respectively, in the usual manner, and 2 and 2 areexhaust-passages, each connected alternately with opposite ends of itssteam-cylinder in the usual manner, any desirable constructionof'valve-chest and main valve being employed. All this is old and formsno part of my present invention. Considering that each piston A or Apasses, first, from the bottom of the cylinder to the middle; second,next to the top; third, then back to the middle, and, fourth, down tothe bottom again, we find its complete cycle to consist of four steps,and the two pistons are arranged to operate normally one-quarter of acycle (ninety degrees) apart. We will assume in Fig. 2 that piston A atthe lower part of its cylinder is traveling upward and that piston A inthe middle of its cylinder is traveling downward just one-quarter of acycle behind piston A, which is leading. This relative position must beretained. If piston A tends to increase its lead, it must be retarded.If piston A tends to catch up with piston A, it in turn must be checked.

Above the cylinders I have indicated the synchronizing apparatus M. Theexhaust from each cylinder passes through this, being indicated by 2 2and 2*" 2*.

B and B are choke-valves, whichfas by means of slots registering withthe exhaustpassages, normally permit free exhaust, but

can be shifted, as in the hereinafter described manner, to choke orretard the exhaust, and choke-valve B will be so shifted to retard theexhaust in front of piston A when the latter tends to travel too fast,and in like manner chokevalve B will be shifted to retard piston A.

Choke-valve B is a hollow cup having a fiat bottom that rests normallyagainst the seat, permitting the exhaust to pass freely through when inthis position, in which it is normally held by the exhaust-steam or byatmospheric pressure. It would be shifted to choke the exhaust by livesteam entering through ducts and passage 3 3 3 if spool-valves C and Cwere removed. The other choke-valve B is like the left-hand one and issimilarly operated through passages 3 3 3, only it is shown as inverted.

4 4 indicate back passages that, spool-valves C and C being removed,would permit steam to exhaust from behind the choke valves. These valvesmerely retard without cutting off entirely all escape of exhaust. Thespoolvalves C and C control these passages 3 and 3 and are themselvesactuated in the manner described in my said pending application, whichfeature forms no part of this invention, but will be briefly describedlater on. Valve C has circumferential or zonal grooves C C 0, and valveC has similar grooves C C 0. These grooves in valve C are so locatedrelative to the passages 3 and 3 that when G is at the bottom or the topof its stroke passage 3, leading to choke-valve B, is clear, whilepassage 3, leading to checkvalve 'B, is closed, as in Fig. 2, and whenin the middle of its stroke passage 3 is closed, while passage 3 isclear, Fig. 3. Similarly the grooves of the other valve C are soarranged that at the middle of its stroke passage 3 only is clear, Figs.2 and 3. At the top or the bottom of its stroke passage 3 only is clear,Fig. 4, so that as long as one spool is at the middle and the other atthe end (either end) of the stroke there is no continuous passage forlive steam to enter behind either choke valve; but whenever the twospools become abreast in the middle passage 3 is clear throughout andchoke-valve B is lifted to retard piston A, and when the two spools areat either end of their strokes, both spools at the bottom or both spoolsat the top or one at the bottom and the other at top, then passage 3 isclear throughout and choke-valve B is lifted to retard piston A. Uponthe foregoing assumption that piston A normally leads piston A byone-quarter cycle then spool-valve C normally leads spool-valve C by thesame amount, as will be explained later. Consequently one of the twoshould always under normal conditions be in the middle of its strokewhile the other is at one end, so that normally the choke-valves are notlifted to choke or retard the exhaust for either cylinder.

Now for actuating the two spool valves duct 5 leads from aboutone-fourth of the way from one end of one steam-cylinder to one end ofthe small cylindrical seat of spool-valve C and duct 6 leads from aboutone-fourth of the way from the other end of the same steameylinder tothe other end of the same spoolvalve cylinder, while corresponding ducts5 and 6 in like manner connect the other steamcylinder with thecylindrical seat of spoolvalve C. When a piston A or A occupies anintermediate position between the outlets of these ducts, then thepressure in one duct will exceed the pressure in the other and willforce its spool-valve C or C to the other end of its stroke; but whenthe piston occupies a position toward either end, so that both ducts 5and 6 are uncovered on the same side of the piston,whether on the livesteam or on the exhaust side, then there is the same pressure in bothducts and the coil-spring, Fig. 5, forces the spool back to the middle,being aided by live steam that enters, as through a branch 7, frompassage 3 to exert pressure behind the head of a plunger in the spool.

Referring to Fig. 5, in each end of spoolvalve C is a plunger D, havingan enlarged cup-shaped inner end that forms a seat for coil-spring d andaffords a surface for steampressure. Live steam may be admitted hehindthese plungers, as through passages and ports 7 7 and it assists springs(Z (Z in protruding the plungers. Passages 8 8 extend from beneath theplunger-heads to the common exhaust. When the pressure coming throughpassage 5 exceeds thepressure through passage 6 upon the lower end ofspool C, the spool is shifted to the bottom of its seat, plunger D beingforced in and spring (Z being compressed; but when equilibrium ofpressure is restored spring d and the live steam project plunger D-thatis, restore spool C to the middle position.

The operation of the entire apparatus may now be understood.

First. Fig. 2 shows a normal condition in which piston A in the middleof its stroke is following piston A at the lower part of its stroke atthe proper interval, spool C at the bottom of its stroke and spool C inthe middle together cut off both passage 3 3 and passage 3 3, and thetwo choke-valves B and B are seated and permit the regular exhaust fromeach steam-cylinder.

Second. Fig. 3 shows piston A passing up from the bottom of its strokeand its spool C balanced in the middle position; but piston A instead ofoccupying its middle position (dotted lines) has gone too fast and is inthe upper quarter. Consequently its spool C has just been shifted to themiddle position, passage 3 3 3 becomes clear throughout, and steamhaving entered behind choke-valve B unseats it and checks the exhaustthrough 2 thus retarding piston A. Valve B is thus held and piston Athus retarded (checked, but not stopped) until piston A has regained itsproper relative position, by which time the spools have shifted and thesteam behind valve B escapes through passage 3 4, Whereupon the valve Bis reseated and the normal operation is resumed.

Third. Fig. 4c shows that piston A, going too fast, has reached itsmiddle position before piston A has vacated its middle position, A hasgained on A, each spool-valve C and C has just been shifted to one endof its seat, passage 3 3 '3 is opened, and choke-valve B has becomeunseated to retard piston A.

In the foregoing detailed description the words top and bottom, rightand left, &c., are used for convenience only. For example, the pistons,spools, &c., may travel horizontally instead of vertically, as shown inFigs. 2 to L. Various modifications may be made in the construction ofparts and in the relative arrangement. For instance, the grooves in onespool may be separated by different intervals from those between thecorresponding grooves on the other spool, or, the spaces beingidentical, the intervening portions of passages 3, 8, 4:, and 4 may beangularly disposed to attain the same relative arrangement. Otherchanges more or less obvious may be made without departing from thespirit of my invention.

A duplex engine employed for excavation in phosphate beds has excavatedone hundred and twenty (120) more cubic yards of earth per day whenequipped with the present synchronizer than without it.

Having thus described my invention, I claim 1. The combination with aduplex engine comprising the usual main steam-cylinders-and pistons, thelatter a quarter-cycle apart, two auxiliary valves and valve-chambers,and four ducts leading each from one end of one of the chambersaforesaid to one-fourth of the way from one end of one of saidcylinders, whereby said auxiliary valves are reciprocated aquarter-cycle apart, of a choke-valve in the exhaust passage from onecylinder and a steam-passage for actuating said choke-valve, the saidpassages being closed by the first of said auxiliary valves when thesame is at the top or bottom of its stroke, and closed by the secondsaid auxiliary valve when the latter is at the middle of its stroke, anda similar choke-valve for the exhaust from the other cylinder havinglikewise a steam-passage for actuating it, said last-named passage beingclosed when said first auxiliary valve is at the middle of its strokeand when said second auxiliary valve is at the top or the bottom of itsstroke.

2. The combination with a duplex engine, of a retarding device for theexhaust of each engine member, and a pair of auxiliary valves eachactuated automatically by one engine member of said duplex engine andthe two coacting to shift either one of said retarding devices to chokethe exhaust from its engine member when the piston thereof travels toofast.

3. The combination with a duplex engine, of two auxiliary valves eachreciprocated by the relative steam-pressure through passageways leadingfrom near each end of one of the two steam-cylinders, the two mainpistons being one-quarter cycle apart, and the two auxiliary Valveshaving similar relations to each other, of a choke-valve in theexhaustpassage from each member, and a steam-passage leading from behindeach choke-valve and controlled by both auxiliary valves.

4. The combination with a duplex engine of a retarding device for theexhaust of each member thereof, and two auxiliary valves eachreciprocated by one engine member and the two coacting to shift eitherone of said retarding devices.

5. The combination with the two members of a duplex engine, eachcontaining the usual main piston and inlet and outlet ports and mainvalve, and one of said main pistons being one-quarter cycle in advanceof the other, of a device located in the exhaust-passage of each memberand movable to check said passage for retarding its main piston, and twoauxiliary valves each reciprocated through suitable passages by therelative steam-pressure in one of said members, and the two auxiliaryvalves aforesaid coacting to shift its choking device and retard themain piston.

6. The combination with a duplex engine, of a choke-valve for theexhaust from each engine member thereof, and means for actuating thesame.

7 The combination with a duplex engine, of a synchronizing device thatcomprises automatic means for retarding the exhaust from each of the twoengine members, and auxiliary automatic means for actuating saidretarding means.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification in the presence oftwo subscribin'g witnesses.

EDWIN M. (JORYELL.

Witnesses:

C. A. L. MASSIE, R. L. Soon.

